The BMI (Body Mass Index) in (kg/m2) is equal to the mass in kilograms (kg) divided by the square height in meters (m): BMI was designed to be used as a simple means of classifying average sedentary (physically inactive) populations, with an average body composition. For such individuals, the value recommendations as of 2014 are as follows: a BMI from 18.5 up to 25 kg/m 2 may indicate optimal weight, a BMI lower than 18.5 suggests the person is underweight, a number from 25 up to 30 may indicate the person is overweight, and a number from 30 upwards suggests the person is obese. Lean male athletes often have a high muscle-to-fat ratio and therefore a BMI that is misleadingly high relative to their body-fat percentage BMI formula When the term BMI is used informally, the units are usually omitted.īMI provides a simple numeric measure of a person's thickness or thinness, allowing health professionals to discuss weight problems more objectively with their patients. If pounds and inches are used, a conversion factor of 703 (kg/m 2)/(lb/in 2) must be applied. The BMI is universally expressed in kg/m 2, resulting from mass in kilograms and height in metres. Nevertheless, due to its simplicity, it has come to be widely used for preliminary diagnoses. Additional metrics, such as waist circumference, can be more useful. Keys explicitly judged BMI as appropriate for population studies and inappropriate for individual evaluation. The interest in an index that measures body fat came with observed increasing obesity in prosperous Western societies. In this paper, Keys argued that what he termed the BMI was '.if not fully satisfactory, at least as good as any other relative weight index as an indicator of relative obesity'. HistoryĪdolphe Quetelet, a Belgian astronomer, mathematician, statistician, and sociologist, devised the basis of the BMI between 18 as he developed what he called 'social physics'. The modern term 'body mass index' (BMI) for the ratio of human body weight to squared height was coined in a paper published in the July 1972 edition of the Journal of Chronic Diseases by Ancel Keys and others. The dashed lines represent subdivisions within a major class.īMIs under 20 and over 25 have been associated with higher all-causes mortality, with the risk increasing with distance from the 20–25 range. Commonly accepted BMI ranges are underweight (under 18.5 kg/m 2), normal weight (18.5 to 25), overweight (25 to 30), and obese (over 30).Ī graph of body mass index as a function of body mass and body height. That categorization is the subject of some debate about where on the BMI scale the dividing lines between categories should be placed. The BMI is a convenient rule of thumb used to broadly categorize a person as underweight, normal weight, overweight, or obese based on tissue mass (muscle, fat, and bone) and height.

The BMI may be determined using a table or chart which displays BMI as a function of mass and height using contour lines or colours for different BMI categories, and which may use other units of measurement (converted to metric units for the calculation). The BMI is defined as the body mass divided by the square of the body height, and is universally expressed in units of kg/m 2, resulting from mass in kilograms and height in metres. Body mass index ( BMI) is a value derived from the mass (weight) and height of a person.

Bmi and waist calculator for women